Dam and reservoir conduits. Inspection, monitoring, maintenance and repair

Reservoir owners and safety engineers have long known or suspected that conduit problems have led directly to a significant number of dam failures and incidents. The mechanisms and modes of failure are well understood, but what is lacking is a single guidance document providing comprehensive information. This guide covers a wide range of aspects to conduits such as forms and materials used in their construction, failure modes, methods for inspection and assessment (ie surveys, integrity testing, and leakage investigations), and the instrumentation that can be used for such testing.