Groynes in coastal engineering. Guide to design, monitoring and maintenance of narrow footprint groynes

Groynes are long, narrow structures that form significant elements of the coastal protection and flood defence schemes around the UK's coast. Designed to control longshore transport of sediment on beaches and to deflect nearshore tidal currents, groynes may extend across part of or the entire intertidal zone and are normally grouped together to form groyne systems or fields protecting the land behind beaches from flooding and erosion. This guide covers the design, condition assessment, maintenance and repair of groyne systems, replacing CIRIA TN135.